In Europe, lawmakers are hailing hydrogen as the key to achieving a low-carbon future. But the path to how exactly it will be produced, distributed, and consumed at scale is yet unclear. The infrastructure for environmentally friendly production, as well as storage and transportation, must still be built up.
That’s why a Norwegian start-up is creating innovative solutions to build a bridge to a green hydrogen-powered future. Horisont Energi, with their pioneering project Barents Blue recognised by the European Space Agency and European Commission, want to become a world leader in blue hydrogen and clean ammonia with carbon capture and storage technology.

Soon, at the world’s most sustainable ammonia plant, Barents Blue has the potential to become a stepping stone for the transition from fossil fuels via blue hydrogen and clean ammonia, accelerating the transition to carbon neutrality.
Blue hydrogen: the bridging fuel
Hydrogen can be stored as a liquid or gas, and when burnt or converted to electricity in a fuel cell it only producing water. It has a wide range of potential uses, from use in heavy industry, power to fuelling trucks. The most environmentally friendly form is called green hydrogen – water is split into its components of hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis, using only electricity from renewable sources. However, it will take several years to build enough renewable power, such as solar parks and windfarms, and electrolysers to produce the amount of green hydrogen that heavy industry will need.
In the meantime, solutions such as grey hydrogen, the most commonly available variant of hydrogen today, are being used to pioneer more sustainable hydrogen options. Grey hydrogen is created using natural gas and steam, and releases carbon dioxide from the gas during the process.
Blue hydrogen, which the company specialises in, is made using the same basic method as grey hydrogen with input of natural gas as the main energy source. But Horisont Energi’s CSS technology brings sustainability into the picture. In a patented process, CO2 is captured in the process and stored in underground reservoirs, thus preventing it from entering the atmosphere. In this way, the start-up and its technology are helping to creating an important sustainable link to the green hydrogen transition.
The plant will produce 1 million tonnes ammonia per year per building train (up to two trains planned) which would have required more than 2 GW renewable power.
Putting ammonia to work
Horisont Energi’s developing technology for clean ammonia production could also help create infrastructure for transporting and storing green hydrogen.
Ammonia is a colourless gas made from a combination of nitrogen and hydrogen. It’s widely used in a variety of industries, and around 175 million tonnes are produced globally each year. Extensive infrastructure already exists for production, export, and transport, including a fleet of vessels that can transport 20 million tonnes annually.
Hydrogen is used to make ammonia, but ammonia can also be split back into hydrogen and nitrogen – meaning ammonia can be converted back to hydrogen once it reaches its destination. While specialised hydrogen infrastructure is being designed and built, ammonia is an efficient option for industries to receive hydrogen – and it already exists.
Creating ammonia using natural gas does release CO2 into the atmosphere, but Horisont Energi’s CSS technology decarbonises the process.
Creating a clean hub for energy
However, it will take several years to build enough solar parks and windfarms to produce the amount of green hydrogen that European industry will need. The start-up’s solutions for blue hydrogen and ammonia production, supported by its CSS technology, will come together at a new clean ammonia plant. Project Barents Blue, under planning in Finnmark, in northern Norway and set to open in 2027, aims to be the most environmentally friendly ammonia plant in the world.
The European Space Agency and the EU Commission have approved both Barents Blue as an Important Project of Common European Interest for hydrogen and the technology has also received a NOK 482 million (€482 million) grant from the Norwegian government.
Horisont Energi predicts that it will capture 99 percent of CO2 released during the clean ammonia production. Once in operation, it will produce one million tonnes of blue ammonia per year.
From Norway to the Ruhr
E.ON, which invested a 25 percent stake in Horisont Energi in 2022, had long been looking for a suitable partner to expand its portfolio towards closing the carbon cycle. While E.ON Energy Projects is responsible for CO2 capture and liquefication, Horisont Energi manages transport and CO2 storage.
By 2030, the plan will be for captured CO2 to be transported from the Ruhr region, Germany’s main industrial region, to the western part of Norway. This is key part of a new CCS project with the name Errai that is a partnership with Neptune Energy.
So, while the path to a hydrogen-powered future must still be built up – requiring time, massive investment, and government policies – at least a start-up like Horisont Energi and its technologies prove there is a bright future ahead.
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